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Units and quantities
Why lots are recorded in kilograms, litres or pieces, how you can type tonnes, bags or bushels, and what to do with a lot recorded in whole tonnes.
Every lot is recorded in one unit, and it can only ever move whole quantities of that unit. A lot recorded in kilograms can deliver any number of kilograms; a lot recorded in tonnes can only deliver whole tonnes. That is why new lots are recorded in the smallest common unit of their kind, the product's base unit:
- anything weighed: kilograms;
- anything counted: pieces, or head for cattle;
- liquids: litres; lengths: metres; areas: square metres.
A product counted in grams or millilitres, such as saffron, keeps them. You still see quantities in the unit you work in: the product's Shown in unit, such as tonnes.
Pick a unit
Every unit field, in Products, in the setup and on a harvest, is a list you can type into.
- Select the field, for example Shown in under Details of a product.
- Type a few letters of the unit's name ("kilo", "saca", "bushel") or its UN/CEFACT code (KGM, LTR, HEA).
- Pick the unit. The list names each unit with its symbol, for example "kilograms (kg)".
Shown in only changes how quantities are shown. Lots of the product are always recorded in its base unit.
A unit suggested by the code
Customs classifications often say in which unit a code is counted: litres for juice, head for live cattle, kilograms for most crops. When you pick a code from the classification in the product form, Shown in takes that unit and says Suggested by the code. The setup does the same for each product you pick. You can always choose another unit. See Find a code in the classification.
Your measurement system
Your company's legal home sets its measurement system: Metric or US customary. You see it in Jurisdiction & custody under Units. When a lot's unit belongs to the other system, the console shows both, for example "27.216 t (1,000 bu)".
Type a quantity in any unit
On a harvest, a delivery or a processing step, type the quantity in the unit you have on the ticket: tonnes, kilograms, pounds, bags or bushels. The form converts it to the base unit and says what will be recorded, for example "1,150 t = 1,150,000 kg recorded". The lot page shows the quantity in the product's Shown in unit, and Recorded as 1,150,000 kg in its details.
The approval shows the recorded quantity and, under As entered, what the person typed. The approver can check both.
Bags and bushels depend on the product
Some units have no fixed weight:
- A bag of coffee weighs 60 kg; Colombian coffee is traded in 70 kg bags. In Brazil, soybeans, corn and wheat are quoted in 60 kg bags.
- A bushel follows the US standard weight of each grain: 60 lb for soybeans and wheat, 56 lb for corn, sorghum and rye, 48 lb for barley, 32 lb for oats.
So the commodity code of the product and your company's country matter: they are how the console knows which weight to use. If no standard weight exists for a product, type the quantity in kilograms.
Exact quantities and whole units
Conversions are exact: 1 t is 1,000 kg and 1 lb is 0.45359237 kg. Bushels do not always land on a whole kilogram: 10 bushels of corn are 254.0117272 kg. The form then shows the rounded quantity, 254 kg, and asks you to confirm it before you send. Nothing is ever rounded without telling you.
Lots registered in tonnes or bags before the base unit can only move whole tonnes or bags. Their page says, for example, This lot was recorded in whole tonnes: it can only move whole tonnes. To deliver part of a tonne, select Record in kilograms: it creates a lot of the same product in kilograms with the same quantity (1,150 t becomes 1,150,000 kg), origin, harvest and expiry dates. It counts as processing and is approved like one. See Record in kilograms.
In processing, the form compares what goes in with what comes out in the same unit. See Mass balance.
Counted units
Head of cattle and pieces are counted, not weighed: a lot of 40 head stays 40 head, whatever the measurement system.